A report provided an initial investigation into some of the differences between four overall monitoring questions on subjective well-being introduced into official surveys from April 2011. Most people reported being satisfied with life, with concerns over work and precarious finances outweighed by happiness gained from children, relationships, and where people lived.
Source: Initial Investigation into Subjective Wellbeing from the Opinions Survey, Office for National Statistics
Links: Report | Guardian report | People Management report
Date: 2011-Dec
A new book examined varying notions of happiness and how these were being widely used in economics, sociology, psychology, and political science. It explored the relationship between happiness and public policy.
Source: Bent Greve, Happiness, Routledge
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Dec
A new book provided an up-to-date account of the concept of 'social quality'. It included a detailed analysis of the four core components of social quality: socio-economic security, social cohesion, social inclusion, and social empowerment. It then applied the concept of social quality to policy challenges such as the future of the European Union and sustainability.
Source: Laurent Van Der Maesen and Alan Walker (eds.), Social Quality: From theory to indicators, Palgrave Macmillan
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Dec
A new book examined the impact of different institutions (the familial household, commercial enterprises, and welfare state institutions) on well-being in European countries, focusing on gender issues. The proper balance of these institutions was a prerequisite of well-being – for both care givers and care receivers, and also for satisfactory gender relations.
Source: Elisabetta Addis, Paloma de Villota, Florence Degavre, and John Eriksen, Gender and Well-Being: The role of institutions, Ashgate Publications
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Dec
An article said that European social models were being asked to extend social support to meet new needs associated with the ageing society, changes in citizens' aspirations and behaviour, and the reduced reliability of support from employers and the family. Most states had been expanding their range of social interventions, sometimes leading to hybridization of their traditional social models. At the same time, deconstruction of social models to implement neoliberalism, and reconstruction to meet new needs, were often two sides of the same process: reforms to meet new needs might take a neoliberal form, and neoliberal reforms might generate new needs. European social models might have to respond to these pressures, because European citizens still looked to the state to ensure their social citizenship rights.
Source: Jill Rubery, 'Reconstruction amid deconstruction: or why we need more of the social in European social models', Work, Employment and Society, Volume 25 Number 4
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Dec
A report examined the latest developments in happiness research as they applied to the valuation of health. It considered the degree to which happiness data could overcome some of the well-known problems with existing preference-based ways of valuing health.
Source: Paul Dolan, Using Happiness to Value Health, Office of Health Economics
Links: OHE press release
Date: 2011-Nov
A new book examined the recent, extensive reforms in European countries to the delivery of income protection and activation programmes for unemployed people. These governance reforms had included: the creation of markets for the provision of activation and employment services; the promotion of co-operation between benefit and employment agencies; processes of decentralizing policy-making authority; and the introduction of new public management in the public sector.
Source: Rik Van Berkel, Willibrord de Graaf, and Tomas Sirovatka (eds.), The Governance of Active Welfare States in Europe, Palgrave Macmillan
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Nov
An article examined the different welfare state typologies proposed in the literature. It elaborated new directions for research along three dimensions: improving measurement validity by linking macro and micro data to overcome assumptions, largely based on the average (production) worker; assessing the reliability of typologies over time; and systematically integrating both the work-welfare and the care-welfare dimensions.
Source: Emanuele Ferragina and Martin Seeleib-Kaiser, 'Welfare regime debate: past, present, futures?', Policy & Politics, Volume 39 Number 4
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Nov
A think-tank report sought to measure 'national progress' by asking people their opinion on matters of policy, rather than just inquiring about their subjective experience. Issues such as work-life balance, health, and housing were viewed by the public as critical components of 'good growth', on top of raw national income. The United Kingdom came almost bottom of a ranking of developed (OECD) countries when these issues were taken into account.
Source: John Hawksworth, Nick Jones, and Kitty Ussher, Good Growth, Demos
Date: 2011-Nov
A new book examined how the Nordic welfare model had coped with recent external and internal pressures. It compared its outcomes to those in countries with alternative welfare models, such as the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Germany.
Source: Jon Kvist, Johan Fritzell, Bjorn Hvinden, and Olli Kangas (eds.), Changing Social Equality: The Nordic welfare model in the 21st century, Policy Press
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Nov
The Office for National Statistics began consultation on proposals for domains and headline measures of national well-being.
Source: Jen Beaumont, Measuring National Well-being – Discussion paper on domains and measures, Office for National Statistics
Links: Consultation paper | RSS press release
Date: 2011-Oct
A report said that the coalition government's policy of promoting a more 'transactional' or impersonal relationship between the users and providers of public services would fail to build or sustain the social networks that were vital for people's physical and mental health.
Source: David Morris and Alison Gilchrist, Communities Connected: Inclusion, participation and common purpose, Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures & Commerce
Links: Report | Summary | Charity Times report
Date: 2011-Oct
A report examined 11 specific aspects of life in developed countries – including income, jobs, housing, health, education, and the environment – as part of an effort to devise new measures for assessing well-being that went beyond gross domestic product.
Source: How's Life? Measuring well-being, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Links: Summary | OECD press release | Guardian report
Date: 2011-Oct
An article proposed a 'generative and relational' view of well-being and welfare as 'mutually constitutive'. It challenged contemporary policy responses to well-being that were individualized and market-led. The issue for social policy was to identify relationships and contexts that generated individual well-being and welfare.
Source: David Taylor, ' Wellbeing and welfare: a psychosocial analysis of being well and doing well enough', Journal of Social Policy, Volume 40 Issue 4
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Oct
A paper examined the links between age, life satisfaction, and relative income, drawing on survey data from the United Kingdom and Germany.
Source: Felix FitzRoy, Michael Nolan, and Max Steinhardt, Age, Life-Satisfaction, and Relative Income: Insights from the UK and Germany, Discussion Paper 6045, Institute for the Study of Labor (Bonn)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Oct
An article examined patterns of welfare spending across 28 European countries using a 'disaggregated expenditure' approach. Welfare states differed primarily in their emphasis on cash transfers for the elderly as against social services and cash transfers for the working-age population. Clustering along these two spending dimensions largely coincided with the well known delineation of welfare regimes based on institutional characteristics.
Source: Kati Kuitto, ' More than just money: patterns of disaggregated welfare expenditure in the enlarged Europe', Journal of European Social Policy, Volume 21 Number 4
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Oct
A new book examined how the right to the free movement of goods, persons, services, and capital in the European Union legal order affected member countries' welfare state systems.
Source: Christoffer Eriksen, The European Constitution, Welfare States and Democracy: The four freedoms vs national administrative discretion, Routledge
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Oct
A report presented new estimates of the 'Index of Economic Well-Being' (IEWB) and its four domains (consumption flows, stocks of wealth, economic equality, and economic security) for 14 developed (OECD) countries for the period 1980-2009. In all 14 countries the rate of advance of the IEWB had been less than that of national income per capita.
Source: Lars Osberg and Andrew Sharpe, Moving from a GDP-Based to a Well-Being Based Metric of Economic Performance and Social Progress: Results from the Index of Economic Well-Being for OECD countries, 1980-2009, Research Report 2011-12, Centre for the Study of Living Standards (Ottawa)
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Sep
A new book examined public attitudes in Europe towards healthcare, family policy, and social security benefits. It said that the institutional design of social policies had a great impact on inequalities among social groups, and provided best practice for gaining public support for social policy reform.
Source: Claus Wendt, Monika Mischke, and Michaela Pfeifer, Welfare States and Public Opinion: Perceptions of healthcare systems, family policy and benefits for the unemployed and poor in Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Jul
A paper examined how much of adult life satisfaction was predicted by childhood traits, parental characteristics, and family socio-economic status (based on a study of a cohort of children born in 1958). Conventional measures of family socio-economic status, in the form of parental education, occupational class and family income, were not strong predictors of adult life satisfaction.
Source: Paul Frijters, David Johnston, and Michael Shields, Destined for (Un)Happiness: Does childhood predict adult life satisfaction?, Discussion Paper 5819, Institute for the Study of Labor (Bonn)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jul
A report explained how the Office for National Statistics was using the findings of a consultation exercise (November 2010-April 2011) to develop measures of national well-being.
Source: Measuring National Well-Being: Measuring what matters, Office for National Statistics
Links: Report | RSS press release | BBC report | Guardian report
Date: 2011-Jul
An article examined the variations in reported life satisfaction for men and women. Although average levels of life satisfaction were similar, the variations were more marked for women. Hours of paid work increased life satisfaction for both men and women, while housework hours were statistically significant only for retired men and women. Child care (for children aged 3-4) and caring for adults affected women's life satisfaction negatively, but were statistically insignificant for men. Some of these differences might be explained by the fact that women and men in the sample assigned differing weights to satisfaction with different life dimensions: job satisfaction, in particular, mattered much more to men than to women.
Source: Marina Della Giusta, Sarah Louise Jewell, and Uma Kambhampati, 'Gender and life satisfaction in the UK', Feminist Economics, Volume 17 Issue 3
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jul
An article used data from the 2008 European Social Survey to examine whether the shift in responsibility for outcomes more towards individuals might threaten the political legitimacy of welfare states. A corresponding 'proactivity' by governments was required in securing good access to more equal opportunities for vulnerable groups.
Source: Peter Taylor-Gooby, 'Opportunity and solidarity', Journal of Social Policy, Volume 40 Issue 3
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jul
The government published a discussion paper that considered three techniques for valuing non-market impacts of government policies. Estimates generated by the 'subjective well-being' technique were not yet sufficiently accepted as robust enough for direct use in social cost-benefit analysis: but the technique was under development, and might soon provide a reliable and accepted complement to the more traditional economic approaches.
Source: Daniel Fujiwara and Ross Campbell, Valuation Techniques for Social Cost-Benefit Analysis: Stated preference, revealed preference and subjective well-being approaches – A discussion of the current issues, HM Treasury/Department for Work and Pensions
Date: 2011-Jul
An article examined a measure of 'conversion efficiency' that captured the efficiency with which individuals converted their resources into 'achieved functioning' (using data from the 2005 wave of the British Household Panel Survey). Just under 50 per cent of people could be considered 'efficient'. An individual's conversion efficiency was positively affected by getting older, being self-employed, being married, having no health problems, and living in the London area: it was adversely affected by being unemployed, being separated/divorced/widowed, and being (self-assessed) disabled.
Source: Martin Binder and Tom Broekel, 'Applying a non-parametric efficiency analysis to measure conversion efficiency in Great Britain', Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, Volume 12 Issue 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jun
A paper provided a framework for the analysis of quality of life in Europe, based on the available datasets for the European Union member states.
Source: Patrik Vesan and Giulia Bizzotto, Quality of Life in Europe: Conceptual approaches and empirical definitions, Working Paper 2011.5, WALQING project (European Commission)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jun
A new book examined public attitudes in Europe toward healthcare, family policy, and benefits for unemployed people and those living in poverty. It highlighted the importance of the institutional design of social policies for inequalities among social groups, and set out best practice for gaining public support for social policy reform.
Source: Claus Wendt, Monika Mischke, and Michaela Pfeifer, Welfare States and Public Opinion: Perceptions of healthcare systems, family policy and benefits for the unemployed and poor in Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Jun
A paper examined new empirical evidence on the quality of life reported by the European population in 2006-2007. Unemployed people reported greater deprivation in terms of income, commodities, living conditions, and health. Low-educated employees, employees born outside the European Union, and manual workers reported higher levels of deprivation, poorer health, and lower social integration. Young employees (aged 16-29) and single employees reported higher levels of deprivation in terms of income, commodities, and living conditions.
Source: Ambra Poggi, Giulia Bizzotto, Francesco Devicienti, Patrik Vesan, and Claudia Villosio, Quality of Life in Europe: Empirical evidence, Working Paper 2011.4, WALQING project (European Commission)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jun
An article examined the association between national welfare state regimes and public insecurities about crime across Europe. There was a 'strong relationship' between insecurities about crime and national levels of social expenditure and decommodification of social welfare policy. State-level social protection might buffer the development of widespread fear of crime by increasing self-efficacy and thereby mitigating various social and economic fears.
Source: Dina Hummelsheim, Helmut Hirtenlehner, Jonathan Jackson, and Dietrich Oberwittler, 'Social insecurities and fear of crime: a cross-national study on the impact of welfare state policies on crime-related anxieties', European Sociological Review, Volume 27 Number 3
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jun
A report (by a network of independent experts) examined the social impact in Europe of the global economic crisis. It also put forward a series of suggestions for monitoring and strengthening the social inclusion dimension of fiscal consolidation measures at both national and European Union level.
Source: Hugh Frazer and Eric Marlier, Social Impact of the Crisis and Developments in the Light of Fiscal Consolidation Measures, Peer Review in Social Protection and Social Inclusion and Assessment in Social Inclusion (European Commission)
Links: Report
Date: 2011-May
A paper examined how a renewed 'social investment' perspective could be rescued from 'one-sided' policy orientations in Europe prompted by the economic crisis. A European-wide 'Social Investment Pact' should be established to support member states that wished to pursue social investment despite their budgetary difficulties.
Source: Frank Vandenbroucke, Anton Hemerijck, and Bruno Palier, The EU Needs a Social Investment Pact, Opinion Paper 5, European Social Observatory (Brussels)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-May
An annual report examined social policy developments in the European Union in 2010. It considered the Europe 2020 strategy, and the response to the social and economic impact of the global recession.
Source: Christophe Degryse and David Natali (eds.), Social Developments in the European Union 2010, European Social Observatory (Brussels)/European Trade Union Institute
Links: Report
Date: 2011-May
A report said that national income (GDP) was an insufficient and misleading measure of whether life in Scotland was improving. It called for a shift of emphasis from measuring economic production to measuring well-being. This included better ways of measuring inequalities in health, housing, and education.
Source: Maf Smith and Sylviane Herren, More than GDP: Measuring What Matters – Report of the Round Table on Measuring Economic Performance and Social Progress in Scotland, Carnegie UK Trust
Links: Report | Carnegie press release | St Andrews University press release
Date: 2011-May
A report presented comparative information on the conditions of people's lives in developed market economies. It focused on the well-being of people in each country, rather than on the macro-economic conditions of economies. On most measures the United Kingdom was ranked in the six 'intermediate' deciles of the distribution.
Source: Compendium of OECD Well-Being Indicators, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Links: Report | Guardian report | Telegraph report
Date: 2011-May
A new book (the second volume of two) examined the connexions between religion and welfare in 8 European societies (including England), from three perspectives – sociology, gender, and theology.
Source: Anders Backstrom, Grace Davie, Ninna Edgardh, and Per Pettersson (eds.), Welfare and Religion in 21st Century Europe – Volume 2: Gendered, Religious and Social Change, Ashgate Publications
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-May
An article examined the challenge that confronted local authorities in England in developing sustainable communities that contributed to a high quality of life.
Source: Josep Campanera and Paul Higgins, 'The quality of life in English local authority areas', Local Government Studies, Volume 37 Number 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Apr
A special journal issue examined the Nordic welfare model.
Source: Social Policy and Administration, Volume 45 Number 2
Links: Table of contents
Date: 2011-Apr
A paper said that political and fiscal decentralization had a positive and significant effect on individuals' overall happiness in European countries.
Source: Luis Diaz-Serrano and Andres Rodriguez-Pose, Decentralization, Happiness and the Perception of Institutions, Working Paper 2011/07, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Apr
An article said that left-wing governments in Europe remained the motor behind the expansion of social spending: but that their success depended on labour market corporatism. Corporatism allowed for negotiation with – and the socialization of – the employers who were enjoying an increasingly strong bargaining position due to globalization. In countries with extensive corporatism, left-wing governments continued to increase social spending, whereas such expansion was rendered impossible in countries with limited corporatism.
Source: Carsten Jensen, 'Negotiated expansion: left-wing governments, corporatism and social expenditure in mature welfare states', Comparative European Politics, Volume 9 Issue 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Apr
An article examined the 'repositioning' of some European countries under a typology of welfare state regimes, in the light of the wide-reaching social changes introduced since the 1990s.
Source: Manuela Arcanjo, 'Welfare state regimes and reforms: a classification of ten European countries between 1990 and 2006', Social Policy and Society, Volume 10 Issue 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Apr
A paper examined how different European countries performed on social, economic, and environmental issues during the period of the Lisbon Strategy (2005-2010), based on a typology of different social models. Countries following the 'Nordic' model did best, and those following the 'Anglo-Saxon' model performed worse overall than the 'Mediterranean' model.
Source: Paola Bertolini and Francesco Pagliacci, Lisbon Strategy and EU Countries Performance: Social Inclusion and Sustainability, Discussion Paper 648, Department of Economics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Italy)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Apr
The second edition was published of a book that examined why happiness was so important; whether happiness could be measured; and whether happiness was the business of government. Most people wanted more income: but as societies became richer, they did not become happier.
Source: Richard Layard, Happiness: Lessons from a new science (second edition), Penguin Allen Lane
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Apr
A new book said that the development of the European Union since 1957 – based on the free movement of capital, goods, services, and people – was 'fundamentally at odds' with the creation of an interventionist regime that the construction of a 'social Europe' would require.
Source: Philip Whyman, Mark Baimbridge, and Andrew Mullen, The Political Economy of the European Social Model, Routledge
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Apr
A survey examined the quality of children's lives, as rated by children themselves. Those whose family income had decreased in the previous year were more than twice as likely to have a low sense of well-being than those whose family income had increased.
Source: How Happy Are Our Children: Measuring children's well-being and exploring economic factors, Children s Society
Links: Report | Childrens Society press release
Date: 2011-Mar
An article used British Household Panel Survey data to explore trends in the subjective well-being of young people aged 11-15 over the period 1994-2008. The evidence suggested that there had been an improvement in the average level of happiness over time, especially for girls. It was impossible to draw clear conclusions about the causes of this: but there was some evidence that it focused on relationships with friends and happiness with school.
Source: Jonathan Bradshaw and Antonia Keung, 'Trends in child subjective well-being in the UK', Journal of Children's Services, Volume 6 Number 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Mar
The first findings were published from the world's largest study of households. The study aimed to follow 40,000 households, asking them questions each year about a wide spectrum of areas related to working and personal lives. The first report included data on working lives, relationships, health, finances, and neighbourhoods.
• About 1 in 6 households were in poverty. Poverty rates were higher than average for pensioners, and for families with children – 23 per cent and 20 per cent respectively.
• People who were unemployed or economically inactive had the lowest average life satisfaction – 4.7 and 4.8 respectively on a 7-point scale, whereas those in some form of employment averaged 5.3. But among young people (aged under 25) economic inactivity was associated with the highest life satisfaction: being unemployed had no impact on mental well-being among young people.
• For both men and women, happiness declined with the duration of a relationship, with the decline being steeper for women. Older people were less happy in their relationships than younger people. Childless couples were happiest with their relationships, and those with a pre-school child were least happy.
Source: Stephanie McFall and Chris Garrington (eds.), Understanding Society: Early findings from the first wave of the UK's household longitudinal study, Institute for Social and Economic Research (University of Essex)
Links: Report | ISER press release | ESRC press release | Guardian report | Telegraph report
Date: 2011-Feb
An article examined how the concept of well-being was used in local policy-making.
Source: Sarah Atkinson and Kerry Joyce, 'The place and practices of well-being in local governance', Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, Volume 29 Number 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Feb
A new textbook examined the concept of 'welfare' in the context of public policy – juxtaposing it with newer approaches, such as subjective well-being, capabilities, care, social exclusion, and social capital.
Source: Mary Daly, Welfare, Polity Press
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Feb
A paper examined the role of work ethics and the strength of family ties in determining the well-being of unemployed people in Europe. People living in countries with stronger family ties, and in those declaring stronger norms for family support, were observed to suffer less from being unemployed.
Source: Malgorzata Mikucka, Unemployment and Well-Being in Europe: The effect of country unemployment rate, work ethics and family ties, Working Paper 2011/014, Centre for Population, Poverty and Public Policy Studies (CEPS/INSTEAD)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Feb
A report examined income and living conditions in Europe. Separate chapters covered: household structure; income poverty and income inequality; characteristics of the income-poor and the materially deprived; socio-economic determinants of health; social participation and social isolation; the distribution of employees' labour earnings; educational intensity of employment; in-work poverty; the impact of basic public services on the distribution of income; distributional effects of direct taxes and social transfers; and measuring broader well-being.
Source: Anthony Atkinson and Eric Marlier (eds.), Income and Living Conditions in Europe, Eurostat (European Union)
Links: Report | Eurostat press release
Date: 2011-Feb
A report examined the Nordic social model as an alternative form of capitalism, prosperity, and welfare.
Source: Atle Midttun and Nina Witoszek (eds.), The Nordic Model: Is It Sustainable and Exportable?, Research Council of Norway
Links: Report | Research Council of Norway press release
Date: 2011-Feb
An article examined the definitions, concepts, and methods used in welfare modelling. Insufficient attention had been paid to the 'analytical basis' of welfare regimes.
Source: Martin Powell and Armando Barrientos, 'An audit of the welfare modelling business', Social Policy and Administration, Volume 45 Number 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Feb
A paper examined and appraised different measures of subjective well-being.
Source: Paul Dolan, Richard Layard, and Robert Metcalfe, Measuring Subjective Wellbeing for Public Policy, Office for National Statistics
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Feb
A new book critically examined conventional welfare state models. Welfare states were not created in national isolation, but were heavily influenced by transnational economic, political, and cultural interdependencies.
Source: Pauli Kettunen and Klaus Petersen (eds.), Beyond Welfare State Models: Transnational historical perspectives on social policy, Edward Elgar Publishing
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Feb
An article examined the macroeconomic performance of 12 European Union member countries over the period 1990-2002 from the point of view of people's subjective well-being. Life satisfaction was found to be negatively associated with the unemployment rate and inflation, but positively associated with the growth rate.
Source: Heinz Welsch, 'The magic triangle of macroeconomics: how do European countries score?', Oxford Economic Papers, Volume 63 Issue 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jan
A paper examined the relationship between analytical life satisfaction measures and a general well-being indicator, based on the 2008 wave of the European Values Study.
Source: Paul Dickes and Carlo Klein, Satisfaction in Life Conditions and Well-Being, Working Paper 2011/03, Centre for Population, Poverty and Public Policy Studies (CEPS/INSTEAD)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jan
A new book said that the pursuit of economic growth was no longer the most efficient and effective way to increase the quality of life in rich countries. It suggested a radical new approach to policy-making based on a set of 12 specific actions – 5 that focused on attaining personal well-being, and 7 that would help accomplish the same on a national and international level.
Source: Nic Marks, The Happiness Manifesto: How nations and people can nurture well-being , Amazon Kindle
Links: Summary | NEF press release
Date: 2011-Jan
A survey examined the state of people's mental well-being in European Union countries. It also investigated what help and treatment people had sought to ameliorate any mental health conditions they had experienced; and how comfortable people felt about interacting with those with a mental health problem. People reported generally feeling more positive than negative about their mental well-being. Those with the most negative experiences were those for whom life was more socio-economically difficult.
Source: Mental Health, European Commission
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Jan
A paper examined the results of several social surveys that sought to establish the kind of social Europe that European citizens wanted in order to maximize their future well-being.
Source: Eric Harrison, Elissa Sibley, Sotiria Theodoropoulou, and Benedetta Guerzoni, What Do Citizens Want? What survey results reveal about values, attitudes and preferences, Issue Paper 62, European Policy Centre (Brussels)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jan